Little penguins (Eudyptula minor novaehollandiae) are the smallest of all penguins and the only species to live permanently in Australian waters. They are found along the southern coast of Australia from Fremantle to northern New South Wales. Most colonies are now restricted to offshore islands, and in the South West they are mainly found in the Ngari Capes Marine Park. The largest colony is found on Penguin Island off Rockingham.

The little penguin which is flightless has a streamlined body, with small wings modified as flippers, with a tail that acts as a rudder. Their feathers provide excellent waterproofing and insulation. The penguin has a grey face with a dark blue back and white chest. Their feet are dull yellow/pink and they have a black bill. Little Penguins are carnivorous and eat fish including, anchovies, pilchards, whitebait and squid.

Little penguins live in colonies when on shore, and come on shore in the evenings as well as to breed and moult. Moulting occurs annually for about 15 days, and in this time they cannot go in the water as they do not have any waterproofing. It can be a stressful time for them as they do not eat during this time, and they basically take shelter in their burrows.

The little penguins conservation status is currently ‘of at least concern’ although there are many threats to their livelihood, including overfishing, disturbance to their habitats, disturbance from boating and oil spills, pollution and pest animals such as dogs, foxes and cats.

SWCC Strategic Priority

The Little Penguin is identified within SWCC’s NRM Strategy as a first order priority asset under the Coasts and Marine Environment themes.

References

•  Little penguin fact sheet – Perth Zoo